The isolate Kp10 formed a distinct cluster with Pediococcus acidilactici, supported by a bootstrap value of 100%. Figure 2 Phylogenetic relationship of Kp10 with related species based on partial 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbour-joining method (CLC Sequence Viewer 6.5.2). The numbers at the nodes are bootstrap confidence levels (percentage) from 1,000 replicates. The scale bar represents 0.120 substitutions per nucleotide position. Reference sequences were obtained from the GenBank nucleotide sequence database. Physiological and biochemical #LY333531 chemical structure randurls[1|1|,|CHEM1|]# characterization of isolate Kp10 (P. acidilactici) The isolate Kp10 (P. acidilactici) was

selected for further analysis based on its ability to produce high amounts of BLIS (Table 1). This bacterium was a gram-positive, catalase-negative coccus that was arranged in tetrads (Table 4). Kp10 demonstrated the ability to grow in the presence of 2% NaCl and within a temperature range of 30°C to 45°C. Table 4 Characteristics of isolate Kp10 Characteristics selleck Kp10 (Pediococcus acidilactici)

Gram stain reaction Gram-positive cocci Colony morphology     Size >0.1 mm   Shape Circular   Colour Milky white   Elevation Concave   Density Mucoid and glistening Biochemical characteristics     Catalase – Physiological characteristics   Growth in M17 broth:     With 0.5% NaCl +   With 2% NaCl +   With 4% NaCl –   With 6.5% NaCl –   With 10% NaCl –   At 5°C –   At 10°C –   At 30°C +   At 35°C +   At 37°C +   At 45°C +   At 60°C – Positive results (+), negative results (-).

As shown in Table 5, Kp10 (P. acidilactici) was susceptible Farnesyltransferase to 18 antibiotics (penicillin G, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, cefuroxime sodium, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, vancomycin, novobiocin, kanamycin, and oxytetracycline), and resistant to five antibiotics (lincomycin, colistin sulphate, bacitracin, polymixin B, and cefamandole). Table 5 Growth inhibition of P. acidilactici Kp10 by disc diffusion method Antibiotic   Inhibition zone diameter   Disc content Size (mm) ≤15 mm (R) 16–20 mm (I) ≥21 mm (S) Penicillin G 2 Units 24 (0)     + Penicillin G 10 Units 26.5 (0.07)     + Erythromycin 15 μg 32 (0)     + Erythromycin 10 μg 30 (0)     + Ceftriaxone 30 μg 33.08 (1.31)     + Lincomycin 10 μg 0 (0) +     Colistin sulphate 10 μg 0 (0) +     Streptomycin 10 μg 18.63 (0.88)   +   Amikacin 30 μg 24.83 (0.25)     + Cloxacillin 5 μg 19 (0)   +   Ciprofloxacin 10 μg 30 (0)     + Norfloxacin 10 μg 24 (0)     + Chloramphenicol 30 μg 32.28 (0.4)     + Cefuroxime sodium 30 μg 34.25 (0.35)     + Tetracycline 30 μg 29.5 (0.07)     + Tetracycline 10 μg 24 (0)     + Nalidixic acid 30 μg 31 (0)     + Ampicillin 25 μg 32 (0)     + Gentamycin 10 μg 22.5 (0.71)     + Gentamycin 30 μg 28 (0)     + Mecillinam 25 μg 19.72 (0.