\n\nMaterials and methods: Seventy-eight patients with locally advanced

cervical cancer underwent DCE-MRI with Gd-DTPA before chemoradiotherapy. The pharmacokinetic Brix and Tofts models were fitted to contrast enhancement curves in all tumor voxels, providing histograms of several pharmacokinetic parameters (Brix: A(Brix), k(ep), k(ei), Tofts: K-trans, nu(e)). A percentile screening approach including log-rank survival tests was undertaken to identify the clinically GDC-0994 in vivo most relevant part of the intratumoral parameter distribution. Clinical endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and locoregional control (LRC). Multivariate analysis including FIGO stage and tumor volume was used to assess the prognostic significance of the imaging parameters.\n\nResults: A(Brix), k(ei), and K-trans were significantly (P < 0.05) positively associated with both clinical LRC and PFS, while nu(e) was significantly positively correlated with PFS only. k(ep) showed no association with any endpoint. A(Brix) was positively correlated with K-trans and nu(e), and showed the strongest association with endpoint in the log-rank testing. k(ei) and K-trans were independent prognostic factors in multivariate BEZ235 ic50 analysis with LRC as endpoint.\n\nConclusions: Parameters estimated by pharmacokinetic analysis of DCE-MR images obtained prior to chemoradiotherapy may be used for identifying patients at risk of treatment failure. (C) 2012 Elsevier

Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Estimating influenza incidence in outpatient settings is challenging. We used outpatient healthcare practice populations as a proxy to estimate community incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated ILI.\n\nMethods: From October 2009 to July 2010, 38 outpatient practices in seven jurisdictions conducted surveillance for ILI (fever with cough or sore throat for patients >= 2 years; fever with >= 1 respiratory symptom

for patients <2 years). From a sample of patients with ILI, respiratory specimens were tested for influenza.\n\nResults: Metabolism inhibitor During the week of peak influenza activity (October 24, 2009), 13% of outpatient visits were for ILI and influenza was detected in 72% of specimens. For the 10-month surveillance period, ILI and influenza-associated ILI incidence were 20.0 (95% CI: 19.7, 20.4) and 8.7/1000 (95% CI: 8.2, 9.2) persons, respectively. Influenza-associated ILI incidence was highest among children aged 2-17 years. Observed trends were highly correlated with national ILI and virologic surveillance.\n\nConclusions: This is the first multistate surveillance system demonstrating the feasibility of using outpatient practices to estimate the incidence of medically attended influenza at the community level. Surveillance demonstrated the substantial burden of pandemic influenza in outpatient settings and especially in children aged 2-17 years.