The scores for
the cells stained were as follows: 0; no selleck inhibitor staining in the majority of cells, 1; staining in 25-50% of cells, 3; staining in 50-75% of cells, 4; staining in more than 75% of cells. The grades were summed up, and the averages were taken as the readings. This procedure followed previous studies with some modifications.21 The statistical software used for data analysis was the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12. The 11β-HSD1 evaluations by the two independent viewers were tested by Pearson Correlation prior to the normality test. The data were Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical tested for normality using Kolmogrov-Smirnov test. Since the groups were found to be normally distributed, the data were analyzed using ANOVA test followed by the Tukey pos-hoc test for pairwise comparison s A P values of < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Data are presented as mean±SEM. Results The adrenalectomized rat treated with intramuscular injection of dexamethasone Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical (G3) had significantly lower 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity in femoral bone compared to the sham-operated (G2) and baseline (G1) group. Supplementing the dexamethasone-treated adrenalectomized rats with GCA (G4) and Piper sarmentosum
water extract (G5) extract significantly increased the 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity compared to Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the control group. There were no significant difference in the 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity of rats treated with GCA and Piper sarmentosum extract, and control or sham-operated group (figure 1). Figure 1 The activity Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity in femoral bones of G1; control group, G2; sham-operated group, G3; adrenalectomized
rats given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 µg/kg/day), G4; adrenalectomized rats given intramuscular … The adrenalectomized group treated with intramuscular injection of dexamethasone (G3) had a significantly higher 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase 11β-HSD1 expression than the sham-operated Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical group (G2). Supplementing the Dexamethasone-treated adrenalectomized rats with Piper sarmentosum extract (G5) caused a significant reduction in 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase expression compared to the G3 group. Despite that, the 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase expression in the control group (G1) and the dexamethasone-treated group supplemented with GCA (G4) was significantly higher than those in the sham-operated (G2) or the Piper sarmentosum extract supplemented crotamiton (G5) group (figures 2, ,33). Figure 2 The 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase expression in femoral bones of G1; control group, G2; sham-operated group, G3; adrenalectomized rats given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 µg/kg/day), G4; adrenalectomized rats given intramuscular dexamethasone … Figure 3 Photomicrographs (x200) of slides from femoral bones of G1; control group, G2; sham-operated group, G3; adrenalectomized rats given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 µg/kg/day), G4; adrenalectomized rats given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 µg/kg/day) …