“
“Prednisolone acetate (PA)-loaded microspheres were prepared by the spray-drying technique using different polymer (1% and 2%) and JNJ-26481585 cost drug concentrations (10% and 20%). To obtain the optimum formulation, a three-factor two-level

(2<SU3</SU) design was employed. The independent variables were polymer molecular weight, polymer concentration, and theoretical drug loading. Responses were the particle size, percentage of encapsulation efficiency, and the t(50%) release. The best formulation was prepared with 20% of PA and 1% of chitosan with medium molecular weight showing relative good yield of production (48.0 +/- 6.7%) and encapsulation efficiency (45.7 +/- 0.3%), and released the drug at a constant rate in 11 days.</.”
“BACKGROUND Comprehensive assessment of safety, tolerance, and patient satisfaction has not been established from noninvasive body contouring techniques, such as low-level laser therapy, ultrasound, radiofrequency, and infrared light, for reduction of subcutaneous fat.

OBJECTIVE This multicenter study investigated the clinical outcomes of noninvasive cryolipolysis in European subjects.

METHODS A retrospective study was performed at clinical sites in Belgium and France. Safety was assessed according to reports of side effects. Tolerance was evaluated according to pain scores and patient

perception of treatment duration.

Clinical outcomes were assessed according to patient surveys, caliper measurements, and assessment of photographs.

RESULTS The investigators CP-456773 purchase treated 518 patients. No significant side effects or adverse events were reported. The procedure was well-tolerated, with 89% of respondents reporting a positive perception of treatment duration and 96% reporting minimal to tolerable discomfort. Survey results demonstrated 73% patient satisfaction and that 82% of patients would recommend the cryolipolysis procedure to a friend. Caliper measurements demonstrated 23% reduction in fat layer thickness at 3 months. Abdomen, back, and flank treatment sites were most effective, with 86% of subjects showing improvement LOXO-101 price per investigator assessment.

CONCLUSIONS With proper patient selection, cryolipolysis is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective treatment method for reduction of subcutaneous fat.”
“In this study, we are introducing a new class of Polyurethane (PU) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (NPs) by electrospinning. A simple method not depending on the addition of foreign chemicals has been used to self-synthesize of silver NPs in/on PU nanofibers. Typically, a sol-gel consisting of AgNO(3)/PU/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has been electrospun and aged for a week, so silver NPs have been created in/on PU nanofibers.

“
“Background: Recent advances in the treatment of cancer have focused on targeting genomic aberrations with selective therapeutic agents. In rare tumors, where large-scale

clinical trials are daunting, this targeted genomic approach offers a BVD-523 cost new perspective and hope for improved treatments. Cancers of the ampulla of Vater are rare tumors that comprise only about 0.2% of gastrointestinal cancers. Consequently, they are often treated as either distal common bile duct or pancreatic cancers.

Methods: We analyzed DNA from a resected cancer of the ampulla of Vater and whole blood DNA from a 63 year-old man who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy by whole genome sequencing, achieving 37x and 40x coverage, respectively. We determined somatic mutations and structural alterations.

Results: We identified relevant aberrations, including deleterious mutations of KRAS and SMAD4 as well as a homozygous focal deletion of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene. These findings suggest that these tumors have a distinct oncogenesis from either common bile duct cancer or pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, this combination of genomic aberrations suggests a therapeutic context

for dual mTOR/PI3K inhibition.

Conclusions: Whole genome sequencing can elucidate an oncogenic context and expose potential therapeutic vulnerabilities in rare cancers.”
“Crambe is an important biofuel crop and its oil has unique traits such as high erucic acid content which can be used as industrial lubricant, corrosion inhibitor

KU-55933 concentration as well as ingredient in synthetic rubber manufacturing. Genetic diversity among 70 progenies of Crambe abyssinica Hochst selected from a population of FMS Brilhante cultivar was quantified by multivariate analysis for traits related to germination, thousand grain weight and oil content. There were significant differences among progenies for all traits studied. Estimation of genetic variance and heritability coefficients showed that the variability found in the Fer-1 research buy progeny is more genetic than environmental which enables genetic gains with selection. Heritability coefficient varied from 68 to 79%, except for oil content and number of dead seedlings. Simple correlation analysis showed that germination and vigor were positively correlated, and thousand grain weight and oil content were not correlated with any of the seed traits. Based on multivariate analysis, the progenies could be grouped into 26 clusters. Clusters 1,2 and 3 had the highest number of progeny with 7, 8 and 6 lineages, respectively. Clusters 21-26 had higher dissimilarity within the cluster with one in each progeny. The trait that most contributed to the cluster was the germination (36.2%) and less contributed was the number of seedlings killed (1.1%). The progenies indicate genetic diversity for seed traits and the selection of superior progenies is possible considering the studied traits. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.

These pitfalls can and should be avoided in psychosocial oncology. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“The aim of this study was to compare

the effect of calcium channel blockers and non-selective beta-blocker drugs on blood lipids in hypertensive patients signifying the changes that occur in serum levels of cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and triglycerides. It is seen that calcium channel blockers significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of serum cholesterol and LDL, but it non-significantly (p > 0.05) increased the HDL and triglycerides levels. While, non-selective beta blockers significantly (p < 0.05) increased the serum cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and significantly (p < 0.05) decreased HDL. Comparing KPT-8602 the two drugs, calcium channel blockers have significantly decreased various cardiovascular risks and proved its merit over non-selective beta blockers, i.e. non-selective beta blockers have shown themselves to increase the risks of cardiac problems.”
“Recent experimental results showing the

pulse width independence buy LBH589 and the flat topped shape of static displacement generated during finite amplitude sinusoidal ultrasonic tone burst propagation in solids and the contradicting previous results reported in the literature are considered. The pulse width independence is analytically AZD1208 ic50 confirmed and the flat topped shape is explained by considering the progressive spatial and time domain shapes of the static strain and displacement pulses. A numerical simulation of the finite amplitude longitudinal ultrasonic wave propagation in solids has been performed to further verify the pulse width independence of the static displacement pulse. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3093873]“
“Objective: To provide a qualitative description of a clinical pilot experiment in a French cancer center, conducted by a

nurse after the treatment decision consultation attended by new cancer patients during the initial phase of the care process.

Methods: The Psychological Distress Thermometer (PDS) and a problem checklist were administered to 255 patients before nurse consultation, helping her to manage the clinical interview, explore patient’s distress and supportive care needs, and finally refer the patients in need to the required Supportive Care units.

Results: Patients were primarily referred to the social service unit (35% patients), followed by the physiotherapy unit (23.9%) and the psycho-oncology unit (19.6% of patients). In cases of significant distress (43% patients with PDS>3), the percentage of patients referred to the psychosocial units increased (44% referred to the Social Unit, 35% to the Psycho-Oncology Unit).

To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify www.selleckchem.com/products/pha-848125.html the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain

Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.”
“Introduction and hypothesis Few randomized controlled trials have compared electrical stimulation treatment with drug therapy.

Our hypothesis was that electrical stimulation treatment in women with urgency/urge incontinence would be more efficient compared to drug treatment.

Methods Women >= 18 years Bucladesine concentration of age with urgency/urge incontinence were randomized to receive either ten electrical stimulation treatments vaginally and transanally over a period of 5-7 weeks or tolterodine 4 mg orally once daily.

Results ACY-738 Sixty-one women

completed the study. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in micturition rate from baseline to 6 months, mean difference, -0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI), -1.61 to 0.82), but a clearly significant difference within each group for electrical stimulation, -2.8 (95% CI, -3.7 to -1.9), and for tolterodine, -3.2 (95% CI, -4.1 to -2.4).

Conclusions Both treatments reduced the number of micturitions, but electrical stimulation was not found to be superior to tolterodine.”
“Generally, the primary lesion of a mold infection is in the airway, an extravascular site. Therefore, the antifungal drug concentration at the actual tissue lesion of a mold infection is as important as in the blood compartment. Although our antifungal armamentarium has expanded recently, polyenes are still often needed in clinical practice because of their potent fungicidal activity and the rarity of resistance. Nevertheless, the distribution of amphotericin B (AmB) in infected lung tissue has not yet been evaluated.

Methods: In surgical oncology, outcomes have historically focused on perioperative morbidity and mortality. To assess care metrics SRT1720 manufacturer in the United States, we review structural and process measures of quality care in surgical oncology.

Results: Most quality metrics in surgical oncology pertain to structural

measures of care such as accreditation, procedure volumes, provider specialization, and multidisciplinary teams. Process measures, such as surgical technique, are also important but are not easily quantified.

Conclusions: Policy implications of quality metrics in surgical oncology include formal regionalization of care, changes in payment structures, and public reporting. More comprehensive assessments of outcomes are gaining traction in the field of surgical oncology; this shift in focus to the patient’s perspective will enhance the quality of care delivered by surgical oncologists.”
“Background: Although endobronchial PF-562271 order ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) has been shown to increase the diagnostic yield over conventional bronchoscopic techniques, an important issue regarding the optimal number

of biopsy specimens required has not been thoroughly investigated. Objectives: We sought to examine whether the number of biopsy specimens taken was associated with the diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided TBB and, if this was the case, to determine the optimal number of specimens required for the maximum diagnostic yield in peripheral pulmonary lesions. Methods: The medical records of patients undergoing EBUS-guided TBB for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions from 2008 Cilengitide Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The association of clinical and radiological features, including the number of biopsy specimens, with the diagnostic yield was analysed. Results: A total of 384 patients were included for analysis. The overall diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided

TBB was 73%, and the only factor influencing the diagnostic yield was the position of the probe. Patients in which the EBUS probe was placed within the lesions had a significantly higher yield (85%) than those in which the probe was adjacent to or outside the lesions (38%; p<0.001). When the number of biopsy specimens was determined based on their adequacy, it was an insignificant factor in predicting the diagnostic yield. Conclusions: Probe position independently predicts the diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided TBB. In real-world practice, the optimal number of biopsy specimens should be decided on a case-by-case basis. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“The pathophysiology of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), particularly in the elderly, seems to be multifactorial. One of the factors involved may be chronic ischemia of the bladder caused by bladder outflow obstruction (male) or atherosclerosis (male/female).

After 100 CF4/N-2 plasma treatments, no thin film

deposition was observed on the organic material. To investigate the characteristics of the CF4/N-2 plasma, the exhaust gas from the plasma was measured by using ion attachment mass spectroscopy (IAMS). The IAMS spectrum indicated that the amounts of CF3 and F radicals were increased drastically with increasing addition of CF4. A mechanism of the selective surface modification was clarified on a result of surface chemical bonding with the gas phase. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3525246]“
“Although models based on independent component analysis (ICA) have been successful in explaining various properties of sensory coding in the cortex, it remains unclear how networks of spiking neurons using realistic plasticity rules can realize such computation. Ion Channel Ligand Library research buy Here, we propose a biologically plausible mechanism for ICA-like learning with spiking neurons. Our model combines spike-timing dependent plasticity and synaptic

Veliparib DNA Damage inhibitor scaling with an intrinsic plasticity rule that regulates neuronal excitability to maximize information transmission. We show that a stochastically spiking neuron learns one independent component for inputs encoded either as rates or using spike-spike correlations. Furthermore, different independent components can be recovered, when the activity of different neurons is decorrelated by adaptive lateral inhibition.”
“Rats lesioned shortly after birth with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA; 134 mu g icv) represent SB273005 mouse a near-ideal model of severe Parkinson’s

disease because of the near-total destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic fibers. The element manganese, an essential cofactor for many enzymatic reactions, itself in toxic amount, replicates some clinical features similar to those of Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of neonatal manganese exposure on 6-OHDA modeling of Parkinson’s disease in rats. Manganese (MnCl(2)center dot 4H(2)O) 10,000 ppm was included in the drinking water of pregnant Wistar rats from the time of conception until the 21st day after delivery, the age when neonatal rats were weaned. Control rats consumed tap water. Other groups of neonatal rat pups, on the 3rd day after birth, were pretreated with desipramine (20 mg/kg ip 1 h) prior to bilateral icv administration of 6-OHDA (30, 60, or 137 mu g) or its vehicle saline-ascorbic (0.1%) (control). At 2 months after birth, in rats lesioned with 30, 60, or 134 mu g 6-OHDA, endogenous striatal dopamine (DA) content was reduced, respectively, by 66, 92, and 98% (HPLC/ED), while co-exposure of these groups to perinatal manganese did not magnify the DA depletion. However, there was prominent enhancement of DA D(1) agonist (i.e.

The frequency domain (low frequency, high frequency and sympathovagal balance) and symbolic analysis (0V, 1V and 2V patterns) of heart rate variability were obtained before and until one hour after the interventions.

RESULTS: After the resistance exercise and control sessions, similar increases were observed in the consecutive heartbeat intervals (control: 720.8 +/- 28.6 vs. 790.9 +/- 34.4 ms; resistance exercise: Belnacasan ic50 712.9 +/- 30.1 vs. 756.8 +/- 37.9 ms; p<0.05) and in the pattern of the symbolic analysis with no variation (0V) (control: 25.1 +/- 3.5 vs. 33.4 +/- 4.1%; resistance exercise: 26.1 +/- 3.2 vs. 29.7 +/- 3.5%; p<0.05) until 50 min

after both interventions. The pattern of two variations (2V) decreased similarly (control: 11.2 +/- 2.1 vs. 8.3 +/- 2.1%; resistance exercise: 9.5 +/- 1.7 vs. 7.8 +/- 1.7%; p<0.05). In contrast, the pattern of one variation (1V), the low and high frequency bands and sympathovagal

balance Etomoxir did not change after the interventions (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION: A single bout of resistance exercise did not alter cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with peripheral artery disease.”
“Objective: To determine the validity of dichotic multiple frequencies auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) as a hearing screening technique versus using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) among high-risk neonates.

Methods: A cross sectional study was performed on 118 high-risk neonates by means of dichotic multiple frequencies ASSR and DPOAE for hearing screening. DPOAE results were used as the standard for hearing screening in parallel with ASSR. Dichotic

multiple frequencies ASSR results were analyzed by means of F-value of less or greater than 0.05 criteria as a pass-fail for the responses. Dichotic multiple ASSR hearing screening technique was considered in two intensity levels at 40 and 70 dB HL The ASSRs thresholds were measured in high risk neonates with and without hearing deficits as determined by DPOAES. The results of ASSR and DPOAE were compared to be gathered by contingency table in order to obtain sensitivity, FRAX597 in vivo specificity and other different statistical values. Average performing times for the tests were analyzed.

Results: The specificity of dichotic multiple ASSR was 92.6%, 93.8% and the sensitivity was 71.6%, 62.2% at the 70 and 40 dB hearing levels, respectively. Mean ASSR thresholds for normal-hearing infants at an average corrected age of 6 days were 32.2 +/- 12.2, 29.8 +/- 10.2, 26.2 +/- 11.4 and 30.4 +/- 10.8 dB HL for 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz, respectively. The average times for performing the tests were 18.7 and 32.9 min respectively.

Conclusions: ASSR with this special paradigm is a fairly desirable method for hearing screening of high-risk neonates.

05). Glucose decreased in the oligofructose group and increased in the control group between initial and final tests (P <= 0.05). Insulin concentrations mirrored this pattern (P <= 0.05). Oligofructose supplementation did not affect plasma active glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion. According to a visual analog scale designed to assess side effects, oligofructose was well tolerated.

Conclusions: Independent of other lifestyle changes, oligofructose supplementation has the potential to promote weight loss and improve glucose regulation in overweight adults. Suppressed

ghrelin and enhanced PYY may contribute in part to the reduction in energy intake. The trial was registered at https://www.selleckchem.com/autophagy.html clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00522353. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1751-9.”
“Meniscal injuries are a common cause of pain and osteoarthritis in dogs. We describe here the production of synoviocyte-derived autologous neotissues for potential application in meniscal tissue engineering, via two

different culture techniques: contracted or tensioned synthesis of synoviocyte neotissues. Synoviocytes were obtained during routine stifle arthroscopy and cultured from 14 dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis of the stifle. Neotissues were analyzed for meniscal-like matrix components and their gene expression, inflammatory gene expression, and cell viability. Tension improved cell viability, and, independent of cell viability, fibrochondrogenic activity by promoting expression of collagen type 1 and aggrecan genes PFTα inhibitor and attenuating gene expression of IL-6. Through this mechanism tension increased collagen protein content and chondrogenic

index of neotissues. Alpha smooth muscle actin was present in all neotissues and was responsible for grossly visible contractile behavior. Application of tension to synoviocytes may be a viable culture method towards in vitro meniscal tissue engineering. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Cardiovascular disease remains by far the leading cause of death for women worldwide. Despite a large body of research identifying effective interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk, translation into practice has been slow. This review pinpoints areas in particular need buy AZD1208 of improvement and summarizes gender-specific analyses in recent randomized trials assessing the impact of risk factor modulation on cardiovascular events. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“InGaAs strain relaxation is studied by an in situ multibeam optical stress sensor (MOSS). Strain relaxation during growth of InGaAs on GaAs occurs at different thicknesses and rates along the directions perpendicular to its misfit dislocations, [110] and [1 (1) over bar0]. We show the asymmetry of relaxation between these directions in real time by aligning the MOSS laser array along [110] and [1 (1) over bar0].

Methods. One hundred two patients (mean age, 62 years) with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis

underwent decompressive surgery. They completed the same set of questionnaires before surgery, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery. Depression was assessed with the 21-item Beck Depression see more Inventory. Physical functioning and pain were assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index, the Stucki Questionnaire, self-reported walking ability, the visual analogue scale and pain drawing. Logistic regression was used to examine the preoperative factors associated with a poorer surgery outcome on 1-year follow-up. In further analysis, a depressive burden variable (sum of preoperative and 3-month Beck Depression selleck chemicals Inventory scores) was included as a predictor.

Results. Eighteen percent of

spinal stenosis patients were depressed on 1-year follow-up. Higher preoperative Beck Depression Inventory scores and depressive burden scores burden were independently associated with a poorer self-reported functional ability, symptom severity and a poorer walking capacity on 1-year follow-up. As a dichotomous predictor, a high depressive burden was independently associated with all the postoperative outcome variables at the 1-year stage: greater disability, pain and symptom severity, and a poorer walking capacity.

Conclusion. The prevalence of depression was notable among 1-year postoperative spinal stenosis patients. Depressive symptoms in the preoperative and early recovery phase were strong predictors of a poorer self-reported surgery outcome on 1-year follow-up. The results call for intervention strategies to detect and treat depression during both the preoperative and postoperative phase.”
“Methods: We studied 51 patients hospitalized for a hip fracture and 51 matched controls from our outpatients department. All patients were subjected to a carotid sinus massage in the supine and upright position. Patients were categorized U0126 ic50 in accidental

(Group A) and unexplained (Group B) fallers.

Results: Six of 33 (18.2%) patients in Group A and 12 of 18 (66.7%) patients in Group B (P < 0.001) had a positive response to the carotid sinus massage. Nine controls (17.6%) also demonstrated CSH. Patients in Group B were older (A: 75.5 +/- 8.5 years vs B: 80.1 +/- 5.9 years, P = 0.029) and were more likely to have a history of unexplained falls or syncope in the past (A: 0% vs B: 66.7%, P < 0.0001) than individuals in group A. Vasodepressor/mixed forms accounted for the majority of CSH responses in Group B (75%). When compared with the control group, CSH was still more common in Group B (B: 66.7% vs control: 17.6%, P < 0.0001) but not in Group A (A: 18.2% vs control: 17.6%, P = 1.000).

Conclusions: The prevalence of CSH is increased in elderly patients with hip fractures, only in those who present with an unexplained fall and report a history of syncope or unexplained falls in the past.

We found that compared PLX3397 to subjects with the CC or CT genotype, those with the TT genotype for an SNP at intron 2 (rs179851) were significantly overrepresented among the subjects with higher scores for osteophyte formation (P = 0.0001; odds ratio 2.12; 95% confidence interval 1.45-3.11, as determined by logistic regression

analysis) and disc space narrowing (P = 0.0057; odds ratio 1.83; 95% confidence interval 1.19-2.83). Consistent with the involvement of the HAPLN1 gene in cartilage metabolism, a variation in a specific HAPLN1 gene locus may be associated with spinal degeneration.”
“Background: In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), both tissue necrosis and edema are present and both might be implicated in the development of intraventricular dyssynchrony. AZD6094 inhibitor However, their relative contribution to transient dyssynchrony is not known. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can detect necrosis and edema with high spatial resolution and it can quantify dyssynchrony by tagging techniques.

Methods: Patients with a first AMI underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of the infarct-related artery within 24 h of onset of chest pain. Within 5-7 days after the event and at 4 months, CMR was performed. The CMR protocol included the evaluation of intraventricular dyssynchrony by applying a novel 3D-tagging sequence

to the left ventricle (LV) yielding the CURE index (circumferential uniformity ratio estimate; 1 = complete synchrony). On T-2-weighted images, edema was measured as high-signal (>2 SD above EVP4593 remote tissue)

along the LV mid-myocardial circumference on 3 short-axis images (% of circumference corresponding to the area-at-risk). In analogy, on late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images, necrosis was quantified manually as percentage of LV mid-myocardial circumference on 3 short-axis images. Necrosis was also quantified on LGE images covering the entire LV (expressed as % LV mass). Finally, salvaged myocardium was calculated as the area-at-risk minus necrosis (expressed as % of LV circumference).

Results: After successful PCI (n = 22, 2 female, mean age: 57 +/- 12y), peak troponin T was 20 +/- 36ug/l and the LV ejection fraction on CMR was 41 +/- 8%. Necrosis mass was 30 +/- 10% and CURE was 0.91 +/- 0.05. Edema was measured as 58 +/- 14% of the LV circumference. In the acute phase, the extent of edema correlated with dyssynchrony (r(2) = -0.63, p < 0.01), while extent of necrosis showed borderline correlation (r(2) = -0.19, p = 0.05). PCI resulted in salvaged myocardium of 27 +/- 14%. LV dyssynchrony (=CURE) decreased at 4 months from 0.91 +/- 0.05 to 0.94 +/- 0.03 (p < 0.004, paired t-test). At 4 months, edema was absent and scar % LV slightly shrunk to 23.7 +/- 10.0% (p < 0.002 vs baseline).